2017年5月27日，人类顶尖棋手柯洁在围棋峰会的最后决赛中以0:3败于AlphaGo，比赛中柯洁泪洒现场，赛后称：它太完美我很痛苦，看不到任何胜利的希望。

时隔不到5个月，2017年10月19日，AlphaGo（阿尔法狗）的研发团队，谷歌旗下的DeepMind又推出了新一代的AlphaGo Zero（阿尔法元）。和狗相比，元只要掌握了围棋规则，它可以自己和自己对垒，40天后，它以100:0的成绩击败了狗。

听到这样的新闻，你会恐慌么？

来看看顶尖人工智能专家李开复告诉你未来哪些职业面临危机？我们的子女在未来应该如何生存？

中国顶尖人工智能专家李开复警告说，未来15年内世界上一半的工作将被人工智能取代。

畅销书《人工智能超级大国：中国、硅谷和新世界秩序》的作者李开复告诉每日邮报网站说，全世界的职业都面临着一场危机，“就好似工业革命时期农民所遭受的威胁”。

他说：“人们还没充分意识到人工智能会对自己的工作产生什么影响。”

THE TEN MOST ENDANGERED JOBS FROM AI

人工智能时代十个“高危”职业

1.    Telemarketer / telesales电话推销员

2.    Customer support 客服人员

3.    Warehouse workers仓管人员

4.    Clerks and operational staff 办事员和操作员

5.    Telephone operators 接线员

6.    Teller/cashier 出纳/收银员

7.    Fast food workers 快餐店员

8.    Dish washers 洗碗工

9.    Assembly line inspector 生产线质检员

10. Couriers 快递员

李开复是中国的一位风险投资人，曾经是谷歌在中国的主管，在人工智能方面有30多年的经验。

他相信有必要“警告人们将会有替代自己的机器人出现，并告诉人们如何开始重新接受培训。”

他还说，幸运的是，不是所有人类的工作都能被取代。

“人工智能非常强大，适应性也很强，但人类能做的事情它并不都会。”

李开复认为人工智能不会创造、概念化或做复杂的战略规划，或从事要求精细手眼协调的复杂工作。

他也说人工智能不善于处理未知的缺乏结构的空间。

他说，重要的是人工智能不能像人一样进行人与人之间的互动，它没有同理心、同情心，无法进行心灵沟通。

然而，有些工作会很快消失。

失业风险最大的是电话销售员，他指出，谷歌备受争议的以假乱真的人工智能机器人就是未来的一个例证。

“你可能已经收到过机器人电话了，但在未来机器人通话声音会变得更自然。”

“人工智能能够用消费者资料，以往购买经历和情感识别来找到吸引客户的方式——甚至可以根据情况采用舒缓的女性声音或有说服力的男性声音。”

李开复也说，客服人员、仓库工作人员和接线员也是高风险职业。

他说，未来职业的关键将是同理心。

JOBS AN AI CAN AND CAN'T DO 

人工智能能做和不能做的工作

THE JOBS AI WILL TAKE OVER FIRST

人工智能最先会取代的工作

1.    Sales and Marketing Research 销售和市场调研员

2.    Insurance adjuster 保险精算师

3.     Security guards 保安

4.    Truck drivers 卡车司机

5.    Consumer loan underwriter  消费贷款担保人

6.    Financial and sports journalists  财经和体育记者

7.    Bookkeepers & Financial Analysts 出纳&金融分析师

8.    Fruit pickers 水果采摘员

9.    Investment professionals 投资顾问

10. Radiologist 放射科医师

 JOBS AN AI WON'T BE ABLE TO DO

人工智能不能代替的工作

1.    Psychiatrists 精神病医生

2.    Therapists 理疗师

3.     Medical caregivers护士

4.     AI researchers and engineers 人工智能研究员和工程师

5.    Fiction writers 小说家

6.    Teachers 教师

7.    Criminal defense attorney 刑事辩护律师

8.    Computer Scientists & Engineers 计算机科学家&工程师

9.    Scientists 科学家

10. Managers (actually leaders) 经理（实际是领导者） 

“涉及人与人的互动，提供舒适和满足感的职业是安全的。”

他还警告称，教育也将必须做出巨大改变来鼓励新的思考方式，使人更加个性化、更富有同理心。

“我们还需要关注孩子们想做的、特别感兴趣和有天分的事情，并鼓励他们放手去做。”

“孩子身上的过人才华将会更早被发现。”

“父母需要知道，但凡自己所认为正确的事情，很可能是错的。”

“父母需要让你的孩子追求他们爱的东西并鼓励他们。确保他们花很多时间理解帮助别人为什么如此重要，沟通技能为何重要——而不要成天玩手机。”

他也警告千禧一代很多人要调整自己的生活，更多关注社交技能——但他坚信人们会适应的。

THE JOBS SURPRISINGLY SAFE FROM AI 

十大令人吃惊的不会被人工智能替代的工作

健身教练——为每个人提供个性化课程、提供陪伴并形成强制健身效果，避免拖延。

老年人护理员——虽然人工智能能够帮助监视老年人、确保老年人的安全，可能还能帮助老年人活动，但只有人能够帮老年人洗澡、穿衣，最重要的陪他们说话和相伴左右。这些是人工智能做不了的。

清洁人员——清洁工、园丁和其他在条件不断变化的非结构空间工作的工作对机器人很困难，虽然像Roomba（一款智能扫地机器人）这样的智能设备能够减少一些工作量。

护士——护士、儿童保育工作人员、心理健康服务专家、药物康复理疗师，这些工作都最难被机器替代，因为需要高水平的人人交互、沟通和建立信任。

礼宾人员——当标准服务被互联网（比如旅游网站）和人工智能（比如快速食品和咖啡自售机）掌握，人类的接触、个性化和长期关系与信任所伴随的长久的更优秀的服务将会获得更大的报酬。休闲娱乐将在人工智能时代有巨大发展空间。

运动员——体育运动将不会受到影响，因为机器在竞赛中肯定会赢。

保姆——保姆的很多体力工作（比如，清扫灰尘、洗碗）将最终自动化，因为保姆的工作渐渐会变得更“有爱和个性化”。

导游——一个好的导游一定是一个优秀的故事讲解员，这意味着导游可以把自己的经历，戏剧化的风格和百科知识结合到一起给观众带来独特的体验。

招聘人员——一般叫人力资源，这里特指招聘和猎头，涉及到的主要是人类之间的接触。

数据处理和标记——人工智能将通过难以置信的快速增长的数据获得训练，至少它最初需要被人工选择、处理、标记和分类。

英文原文：

文后有精句欣赏和重点词汇哦！不要错过！

Will an AI take YOUR job in 2019? China's leading expert reveals the most at risk careers - and what you should tell your kids about the future of work

Half of current jobs will be taken over by AI within 15 years, China's leading AI expert has warned.

Kai-Fu Lee, the author of bestselling book AI Superpowers: China, Silicon Valley, and the New World Order, told Dailymail.com the world of employments was facing a crisis 'akin to that faced by farmers during the industrial revolution.'

'People aren't really fully aware of the effect AI will have on their jobs,' he said.

Lee, who is a VC in China and once headed up Google in the region, has over 30 years of experience in AI.

He believe it is imperative to 'warn people there is displacement coming, and to tell them how they can start retraining.'

Luckily, he said all is not lost for humanity.

 'AI is powerful and adaptable, but it can't do everything that humans do.' 

Lee believe AI cannot create, conceptualize, or do complex strategic planning, or undertake complex work that requires precise hand-eye coordination.

He also says it is poor at dealing with unknown and unstructured spaces.

Crucially, he says AI cannot interact with humans 'exactly like humans', with empathy, human-human connection, and compassion.

Psychiatrists, social workers and marriage counselors are unlikely to lose their jobs, along with nurses, AI researchers and scientists, he believes. 

However, some jobs will disappear- and quickly. 

Most at risk are telemarketers and telesales people, Lee said, pointing to Google's controversial AI bot system that can fool humans as an example of the future. 

'You've probably already received robo-calls, but future calls will be more natural,' he says. 

'AI can use customer profiles, past purchases, and emotional recognition to find ways to appeal to them - even using a soothing female voice or a persuasive male voice.' 

Lee also said customer support, warehouse workers and telephone operators are at risk.

The key to jobs in the future will be empathy, he said. 

JOBS AN AI CAN AND CAN'T DO 

 THE JOBS AI WILL TAKE OVER FIRST

11. Sales and Marketing Research 

12. Insurance adjuster 

13.  Security guards 

14. Truck drivers 

15. Consumer loan underwriter  

16. Financial and sports journalists  

17. Bookkeepers & Financial Analysts 

18. Fruit pickers 

19. Investment professionals 

20. Radiologist 

 JOBS AN AI WON'T BE ABLE TO DO

11. Psychiatrists 

12. Therapists 

13.  Medical caregivers

14.  AI researchers and engineers

15. Fiction writers 

16. Teachers 

17. Criminal defense attorney 

18. Computer Scientists & Engineers 

19. Scientists 

20. Managers (actually leaders) 

'Human to human interaction is safe, providing comfort and satisfaction is safe.

He also warned education will also have to change dramatically to encourage a new way of thinking, making people 'more individualistic, and more empathetic'.

'We also need to focus on what children want to do and show particular passion and talent for something, we need to encourage them to go for it. 

'Super talent in children will be found earlier.

'Parents need to know whatever they thought was right, is probably wrong. 

'You need to let your kids go after what they love, and encourage them. 

'Make sure they spend a lot of time understanding why it is important to help people, and why communication skills are important - don't play on the phone all the time.' 

He also warned many millennials will need to re-balance their life to focus on social skills - but is confident they will be able to adapt. 

THE JOBS SURPRISINGLY SAFE FROM AI 

Fitness trainer - Will customize programs for each of us, provide companionship, and create a forcing function for us not to procrastinate.  

Elderly caretaker - While AI can help with monitoring, security, and perhaps movement of the elderly, only human assistants can help with bathing, dressing, and most importantly conversation and keeping company. These are not doable by AI.

Housecleaner - Cleaner, gardener, and other jobs that work in unstructured spaces with changing conditions are difficult for robots, although smarter appliances like the Roomba will take away some workload

Nurse - Nurses, child care workers, mental health support specialists, and drug rehabilitation therapists are among the most difficult for machines to replicate, because of the high degree of human interaction, communications, and trust-building. 

Concierge - While standard services are handled by the Internet (travel websites), and AI (autonomous fast-food and coffee), there will be a larger premium offered to substantially better services with a human touch, personalization, and long-term relationship and trust. Leisure and entertainment will be good growth areas in the era of AI.

Athlete - Athletics and sports will not be affected at all just because machines will become better at the games. 

Nanny - Many of the physical tasks of the nanny (vacuuming, washing dishes) will ultimately be automated, as the nanny job gradually shifts to more 'love and personalization' 

Tour Guide - A good tour guide is a good story teller, which means he or she combines personal experiences, theatrical styles, and encyclopedic knowledge into an inimitable experience. 

Recruiter - Human resources in general, recruiting in particular, and headhunters specifically, are very much about the human touch.

Data processing and labeling - AI will be trained on an unbelievable amount of ever-increasing data, which at least initially need to be manually selected, processed, labeled, and categorized. 

金句精读：

'People aren't really fully aware of the effect AI will have on their jobs,' he said.

他说：“人们还没充分意识到人工智能会对自己的工作产生什么影响。”

'Super talent in children will be found earlier.

“孩子身上的过人才华将会更早被发现。”

'Parents need to know whatever they thought was right, is probably wrong. 

 “父母需要知道，但凡自己所认为正确的事情，很可能是错的。”

He also warned many millennials will need to re-balance their life to focus on social skills - but is confident they will be able to adapt. 

他也警告千禧一代很多人要调整自己的生活，更多关注社交技能——但他坚信人们会适应的。

重点词汇：

akin[ə'kɪn]: adj. 类似的

VC['vi 'si]: 风险投资（venture capital）

doable /'duːəb(ə)l/

adj. 可做的，可行的

conceptualize /kən'septjʊəlaɪz/：

vt. 使概念化

vi. 概念化

millennial /mɪ'lenɪrl/

adj. 一千年的；千禧年的

Psychiatrist/saɪ'kaɪətrɪst/

n. 精神病学家，精神病医生

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